Mastication for Health & Pleasure
August 16th, 2007
By Donna DiMarco. CN,LNC
Yes, I know that the title was a sneaky way to get your attention, but the information I have to share is important. MASTICATION is not to be confused with the other similar sounding word that we are all so familiar with. It is something that we do every day, several times a day, in fact. Some do it more than others; some are better at it. Some of us do it even without the proper equipment. Those who don’t do it well or regularly may compromise their health as a result. I once witnessed the autopsy of someone who did not do it this one time and it caused his demise. Most people only do it for themselves, but I have heard of certain cultures that ritualistically do it for each other. Get mind out of the gutter, it’s chewing.
“Everyone knows how to chew”, you say. Not so. Most people (myself included) don’t take the time to let the mouth do its job in aiding in the digestion of food. We are all in a hurry to get through our day and we don’t take the time to enjoy our meal, chew our food properly, and allow proper mixing of the food with saliva to occur in our mouth.
In this day and age, meals are commonly taken on the run, leaving little thought as to why we eat in the first place. Our busy schedules leave us little time to partake in three daily meals in the relaxed, but purposeful way it was intended; this leaves food partially digested and important nourishment locked in. As a result, we feel the need to take in additional amounts of food, but still remain undernourished. The body, with its natural wisdom, identifies the need for nourishment and signals us to eat more. But if again we don’t chew properly, the cycle will continue and obesity can result.
Thorough chewing also allows time for the “I ate enough” signal to be received in the brain. If we pay attention to this important feedback loop, we might reduce obesity significantly. This is such an effective technique that many weight loss centers suggest their clients to eat slowly, and to pay careful attention to chewing, as well as to wait 15 minutes or so before you reach for a second helping or the next course. In that time, the brain will realize it’s full and the appetite will subside. I’m sure we all experienced waiting so long in a restaurant that we weren’t interested in eating any more. Just allow yourself 15 or twenty minutes before you reach for a snack or a second helping. You’ll find you don’t really feel hungry. Try it; it works.
Chewing is the act of taking large bites of food, grinding it up into small particles that can be mixed with saliva and digestive enzymes. It is so important in providing our bodies with all the fuel it needs. Here’s a good analogy of how it works: take a whole, fresh lemon; squeeze it really hard. Unless you’re really strong, no juice will come out of it. Next, cut it in half; take one half and squeeze it hard. You’ll get a good amount of juice but more will remain inside the lemon. Finally, take the remaining half and cut it into four pieces. Take each piece and again, squeeze it hard. You’ll find that much more juice can be extracted from the smaller pieces. This is what happens with food. Large pieces of unchewed food leave lots of nutrients trapped inside, much like the lemon juice. The smaller the pieces become, the more nutrients (lemon juice) can be extracted. All those nutrients are vital for good health.
After food is chewed and the digestive process begins, food is called chyme. Chyme is a smooth, homogenous substance we all get grossed out to look at, but it is essential for good digestion Chewing begins with carbohydrates being broken down into simple sugars. Here’s a fun experiment to try. Take a bite of a bagel or a piece of bread. Chew it the way you normally do. Remember the taste and the texture before you swallow it. Then take another bite, but this time chew it 30 times, rolling it around with your tongue to mix it well. Notice the additional sweetness? That’s because ptyalin in the saliva helped release the sugar. This could work to our disadvantage if we are not careful. Remember that if you don’t brush your teeth, especially at bedtime, tiny particles of food may remain stuck between your teeth. These food particles may be broken down into sugars, which promote dental caries. If left untreated, caries, or cavities as we commonly call them, can result in pain and eventual loss of teeth. Then we are back to poor chewing again.
In addition to the digestion of carbohydrates in the mouth, chewing initiates the digestion of fats as well. Lingual lipase starts the process of fat digestion. It acts similarly to soap by breaking the bonds of the fat molecules causing glycerol and fatty acids to separate, making the fat more readily available for further digestion to occur. Although the digestive process begins in the mouth, it continues on to completion in the intestinal tract, resulting in nutrients entering the bloodstream to fuel our bodies.
We rely on these nutrients to keep us alive. Many of the disorders we experience are caused by lack of nutrients. We can spend lots of money on supplements to provide them (which is sometimes necessary), but the simplest way to maintain good health and to insure that our bodies function properly is to make wise food choices (foods that are nutrient rich, whole and fresh) then to chew that food well in order to release all the nutrients that nature has provided for us.
Take the time to care for yourself; care enough to sit down to your meal in a relaxed manner. Chew slowly and purposefully. Savor the flavors. Notice the textures. Inhale the aromas of the foods. Studies indicate that the sight and smell of food stimulates the digestive juices. Haven’t you ever had your mouth water (that’s saliva) at the sight of your favorite dish or the smell of fresh bread hot from the oven? That’s part of the process. Don’t deny yourself that; you’re worth it!
Follow these tips and you will notice gradual improvements in your health including your energy, your immune system, your endurance, your mental attitude and mental acuity, but it all begins with you. Until next time, I challenge you to chew.
Donna